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Canaanite Mythology (Ugarit)

Canaanite Mythology (Ugarit) traditions, cosmology, and ancient lore.

Region: Levant & Syrian Coast
Period: c. 15th – 12th century BCE
16 Recorded Entries

Mythological Figures & Lore

Showing all 16 records
Anat
deity

Anat

The young warrior goddess of Ugarit, Baal's sister and fiercest ally, who wades through battle, bullies El into granting Baal a palace, finds Baal's body, and destroys Mot.

warhuntingloyalty to Baal
Aqhat
hero

Aqhat

The long-awaited son of the righteous Danel, given a divine bow by the craftsman god, who refuses to give it to the goddess Anat even for immortality and is killed for it.

Heroism
Athirat (Asherah)
deity

Athirat (Asherah)

El's consort, 'Lady Athirat of the Sea' and 'Creatress of the Gods', mother of the seventy sons of El, who can persuade El when no one else can.

motherhood of the godsqueenshipintercession with El
Athtar
deity

Athtar

The god whom Athirat proposes as king after Baal's death, who climbs onto Baal's throne on Zaphon and finds that his feet do not reach the footstool.

the morning starirrigation (disputed)a failed claim to kingship
Athtart (Astarte)
deity

Athtart (Astarte)

A warrior and hunting goddess who, with Anat, holds Baal back from attacking Yam's messengers and then urges him to finish Yam off; better known in later centuries as the Phoenician Astarte.

warhuntinglove (in later Phoenician cult)
Baal (Baʿlu Haddu)
deity

Baal (Baʿlu Haddu)

The storm-god of Ugarit, 'Rider of the Clouds', whose rain makes the land fertile; he defeats Yamm the Sea, builds his palace on Mount Zaphon, is swallowed by Mot (Death), and returns to life.

stormsrainfertility
The Bow of Aqhat
artifact

The Bow of Aqhat

The bow and arrows that Kothar-wa-Khasis brings to Danel's house and that pass to Aqhat; the goddess Anat's desire for it leads to Aqhat's death, and it is broken or lost in the killing.

made by the craftsman goddesired by the goddess of war
El (Ilu)
deity

El (Ilu)

The aged king and father of the gods at Ugarit, 'Bull El', 'Father of Years', who presides over the divine assembly from his dwelling at the source of the two rivers and whose permission every younger god seeks.

kingship over the godscreationwisdom
Kirta
hero

Kirta

A legendary king, called a son of El, who loses his whole family, wins a new bride on El's instructions, forgets his vow to the goddess Athirat, falls mortally ill, and is healed, only to face a challenge from his own son.

Heroism
Kothar-wa-Khasis
deity

Kothar-wa-Khasis

The craftsman god, 'Skilful and Wise', who makes Baal's two clubs, builds his palace of cedar and silver, and brings the fateful bow to the house of Danel.

craftsmanshipmetalworkbuilding
Litan (Lotan)
creature

Litan (Lotan)

The seven-headed 'fleeing serpent, twisting serpent' whom Baal struck down, recalled by Mot in the Baal Cycle; its Ugaritic epithets reappear almost word for word in the Hebrew Bible's description of Leviathan.

The sea
Mot
deity

Mot

Death personified, whose throat reaches to the heavens and whose lip touches the earth, who swallows Baal and is himself destroyed by Anat and then fights Baal to a standstill.

deaththe underworlddrought and sterility
Shapash
deity

Shapash

The sun-goddess of Ugarit, 'Torch of the Gods', who sees everything on her daily journey, helps Anat carry Baal's body, searches for him, and warns Mot to yield.

the sunseeing and searchingpassage between the living and the dead
Tunnan
creature

Tunnan

A sea-dragon named among the monsters that the goddess Anat boasts of having muzzled and destroyed; the Ugaritic counterpart of the biblical tannin.

The sea
Yagrush and Ayyamur
artifact

Yagrush and Ayyamur

The two clubs that Kothar-wa-Khasis makes and names for Baal: Yagrush, 'Driver', which fails to fell Yam, and Ayyamur, 'Expeller', which strikes him down.

named and charged with a spell by the craftsman godleap from Baal's hand like an eagleAyyamur fells the Sea
Yam (Yammu)
deity

Yam (Yammu)

The Sea as a god, 'Prince Sea, Judge River', El's favourite, who demands that Baal be handed over as his captive and is struck down by Baal's clubs.

the seariverschaotic waters