La Llorona

La Llorona is a wraith in a white dress, long hair veiling her face, who haunts rivers, irrigation ditches, and lakeshores after dark; her cry is said to be most dangerous when it sounds near. The core story varies little: a beautiful poor woman marries or loves a man above her station, bears his children, and is abandoned or betrayed; in her madness she drowns the children in the river, then dies of grief or by her own hand, condemned to search for them forever. Her wail — "Ay, mis hijos!" — is among the most feared sounds in Latin America, and parents across Mexico and the U.S. Southwest still invoke her to keep children away from water at night, lest she mistake them for her own.

The figure is often traced to pre-conquest Mexico. The Florentine Codex, the sixteenth-century compendium of Nahua culture compiled by the Franciscan friar Bernardino de Sahagun, lists among the omens preceding the Spanish conquest a woman heard weeping in the night through Tenochtitlan, crying "My children, where shall I take you?" — a voice later linked to the goddess Cihuacoatl and read as La Llorona's ancestress. In the colonial era the legend also became entangled with La Malinche, Cortes's Indigenous interpreter and mistress, adding layers of betrayal and mestizo identity.

Carried north by migration, the legend rooted itself along the rivers and acequias of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, with San Antonio and Albuquerque keeping local versions. She lives on in the folk song "La Llorona," sung memorably by Chavela Vargas, in decades of Mexican cinema, and in the 2019 Hollywood film The Curse of La Llorona.